Jital - Jalal ad-Din Mangubarni

Jalal ad-Din Mangubarni never had a stable mint. After the Mongol destruction of the Khwarazmian heartland beginning in 1220, he spent his entire reign as shah fighting a rearguard campaign across Persia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia — a ruler in perpetual flight issuing coinage wherever he briefly held ground. These jitals were struck not from an established imperial mint but from whatever production capacity he could commandeer in conquered or temporarily held cities. He was killed in 1231, reportedly by a Kurdish peasant who recognized him while he hid alone in the mountains after his final defeat by Mongol forces under Chormaqan.