Pfennig - Otto von Freising

Otto I of Andechs-Merania acquired the bishopric of Freising in 1184, the same year Frederick Barbarossa elevated the Andechs family's holdings to ducal rank — a convergence that gave this issue its unusual dual authority, ecclesiastical and secular at once. The Duchy of Merania itself was a scattered entity, its territories fragmenting across Bavaria, Istria, and Dalmatia rather than forming any coherent block, which makes attributing specific mint output to particular locations within it genuinely difficult. CNA Cj1 places this pfennig firmly within the Freising episcopal sequence.