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Prutah or Token - Alexander Jannaeus

Issuer Judea
Year 104 BC - 76 BC
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Value 1 Prutah
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Obverse script Hebrew
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Reverse description A stylized anchor depicted inverted at center, enclosed within a single circle. A partial and degenerate Greek legend surrounds the circle, intended to read 'BASILEOS ALEXANDROU' (of King Alexander), though the inscription is frequently garbled, incomplete, or poorly formed due to the crude die work. The anchor type follows the Seleucid royal symbol adopted by Alexander Jannaeus to underscore his Hellenistic royal pretensions.
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Alexander Jannaeus ruled as both king and high priest of the Hasmonean kingdom, and his coinage reflects the political tensions of that dual role. His reign was marked by brutal civil conflict — a six-year revolt by Pharisee factions that reportedly cost 50,000 Jewish lives — and his small bronzes and lead issues circulated through a kingdom nearly torn apart from within. Lead pieces attributed to his reign remain debated: some scholars classify them as tokens rather than official coinage, possibly issued by municipal authorities or merchants working around metal shortages.

Hendin 1154 sits in contested territory between civic token and royal issue. The lead composition alone sets it apart from his more numerous struck bronzes.

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